Long-Acting Reversible Contraception

What is it and how does it work?

A device shaped like a 'T' that is inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional⁽⁸²⁾. There are two main types of IUDs:

• The hormonal IUD works in different ways depending on the brand used. It prevents pregnancy by either thickening cervical mucus which blocks sperm or stopping ovulation⁽⁸²⁾.
• The copper IUD stops the sperm and egg from meeting (prevents fertilization) by making the cervical mucus thicker⁽⁸²⁾.

What does it prevent?

Prevents pregnancy, does not prevent STIs⁽⁸³⁾.

What is its effectiveness?

IUDs are one of the most effective forms of birth control - they are more than 99% effective!⁽⁸³⁾

This is because once it is inserted into the uterus, all you have to do is to remember when you got it inserted and when it should be removed!⁽⁸³⁾

Side Effects

• Temporary pain when IUD is inserted
• Cramping or back pain for a few days after insertion of IUD
• Spotting
• Irregular Periods
• Heavier or lighter periods depending on type of IUD

What else to know?

• IUDs are a long term contraceptive that can last up to 3-12 years depending on the type you choose.⁽⁸³⁾
• They are reversible, so, if after getting an IUD, you decide you want to become pregnant, you can just have it removed!⁽⁸²⁾
• The copper IUD, can also be used as a form of emergency contraception if unprotected sex has taken place⁽⁸²⁾.
• This method is even safe to use after pregnancy and while you are breastfeeding⁽⁸⁴⁾.

What is it and how does it work?

The Implant is a small rod that is inserted into your upper arm by a healthcare professional. Once placed in your arm, it releases hormones that prevent pregnancy⁽⁸⁶⁾.

What does it prevent?

Prevents pregnancy, but does not prevent STIs⁽⁸⁶⁾

What is its effectiveness?

• Depending on when you get the implant inserted and where you are in your menstrual cycle, you should use another method of birth control (i.e. condoms) for the first 7 days⁽⁸⁵⁾.
• After the first week, the implant is more than 99% effective⁽⁸⁵⁾.

Side Effects⁽⁸⁷⁾

• The most common side effect is spotting, but this often goes away within the first 6-12 months.
• Sometimes, spotting can be long lasting and periods can get heavier.
• Less common side effects include:
  • Breast pain
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Infection at the insertion site
  • Weight gain
  • Ovarian cysts
  • Pain or bruising on the arm
• Some side effects can even be positive, such as:
  • Having less menstrual cramps and pain
  • Making your periods lighter
  • Some people will even safely stop getting their period

What else should I know?

• The implant is long term and can be effective for up to 5 years.
• It is reversible, so if you decide you want to get pregnant, you can get it removed by a healthcare professional.
• You can also use this method if you have have already been pregnant and are not sure if you want to get pregnant again in the future